DIN EN 61048/A1-1997 灯具辅件.发电灯极其荧光灯设备用电容器.一般安全要求

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【英文标准名称】:StandardGuideforRepresentativeSamplingforManagementofWasteandContaminatedMedia
【原文标准名称】:废物和污染媒介管理用代表性取样的标准指南
【标准号】:ASTMD6044-1996(2009)
【标准状态】:现行
【国别】:美国
【发布日期】:1996
【实施或试行日期】:
【发布单位】:美国材料与试验协会(US-ASTM)
【起草单位】:D34.01.01
【标准类型】:(Guide)
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:
【英文主题词】:bias;contaminatedmedia;precision;representative;sample;waste;wastemanagement;Compositesampling;Environmentalsampling/testing;Representativesampling;Samplingwastematerials/applications
【摘要】:Representativesamplesaredefinedinthecontextofthestudyobjectives.Thisguidedefinesthemeaningofarepresentativesample,aswellastheattributesthesample(s)needstohaveinordertoprovideavalidinferencefromthesampledatatothepopulation.Thisguidealsoprovidesaprocesstoidentifythesourcesoferror(bothsystematicandrandom)sothataneffortcanbemadetocontrolorminimizetheseerrors.Thesesourcesincludesamplingerror,measurementerror,andstatisticalbias.Whentheobjectiveislimitedtothetakingofarepresentative(physical)sampleorarepresentativesetof(physical)samples,onlypotentialsamplingerrorsneedtobeconsidered.Whentheobjectiveistomakeaninferencefromthesampledatatothepopulation,additionalmeasurementerrorandstatisticalbiasneedtobeconsidered.Thisguidedoesnotapplytothecaseswherethetakingofanonrepresentativesample(s)isprescribedbythestudyobjective.Inthatcase,samplingapproachessuchasjudgmentsamplingorbiasedsamplingcanbetaken.Theseapproachesarenotwithinthescopeofthisguide.Followingthisguidedoesnotguaranteethatrepresentativesampleswillbeobtained.Butfailuretofollowthisguidewilllikelyresultinobtainingsampledatathatareeitherbiasedorimprecise,orboth.Followingthisguideshouldincreasethelevelofconfidenceinmakingtheinferencefromthesampledatatothepopulation.ThisguidecanbeusedinconjunctionwiththeDQOprocess(seePracticeD5792).Thisguideisintendedforthosewhomanage,design,andimplementsamplingandanalyticalplansforwastemanagementandcontaminatedmedia.1.1Thisguidecoversthedefinitionofrepresentativenessinenvironmentalsampling,identifiessourcesthatcanaffectrepresentativeness(especiallybias),anddescribestheattributesthatarepresentativesampleorarepresentativesetofsamplesshouldpossess.Forconvenience,thetermx201C;representativesamplex201D;isusedinthisguidetodenotebotharepresentativesampleandarepresentativesetofsamples,unlessotherwisequalifiedinthetext.1.2Thisguideoutlinesaprocessbywhicharepresentativesamplemaybeobtainedfromapopulation.Thepurposeoftherepresentativesampleistoprovideinformationaboutastatisticalparameter(s)(suchasmean)ofthepopulationregardingsomecharacteristic(s)(suchasconcentration)ofitsconstituent(s)(suchaslead).Thisprocessincludesthefollowingstages:(1)minimizationofsamplingbiasandoptimizationofprecisionwhiletakingthephysicalsamples,(2)minimizationofmeasurementbiasandoptimizationofprecisionwhenanalyzingthephysicalsamplestoobtaindata,and(3)minimizationofstatisticalbiaswhenmakinginferencefromthesampledatatothepopulation.Whilebothbiasandprecisionarecoveredinthisguide,majoremphasisisgiventobiasreduction.1.3Thisguidedescribestheattributesofarepresentativesampleandpresentsageneralmethodologyforobtainingrepresentativesamples.Itdoesnot,however,providespecificorcomprehensivesamplingprocedures.Itistheuser''sresponsibilitytoensurethatproperandadequateproceduresareused.1.4Theassessmentoftherepresentativenessofasampleisnotcoveredinthisguidesinceitisnotpossibletoeverknowthetruevalueofthepopulation.1.5Sincethepurposeofeachsamplingeventisunique,thisguidedoesnotattempttogiveastepbystepaccountofhowtodevelopasamplingdesignthatresultsinthecollectionofrepresentativesamples.【英文标准名称】:Continuouslyorganiccoated(coilcoated)steelflatproducts-Part1:Generalinformation(definitions,materials,tolerances,testmethods)
【原文标准名称】:连续有机涂覆(盘绕涂覆)的扁钢制品.一般信息(定义、材料、公差、测试方法)
【标准号】:BSEN10169-1-2003
【标准状态】:作废
【国别】:英国
【发布日期】:2004-02-05
【实施或试行日期】:2004-02-05
【发布单位】:英国标准学会(GB-BSI)
【起草单位】:BSI
【标准类型】:()
【标准水平】:()
【中文主题词】:冷轧的;覆层;尺寸;连续的;钢;定义;极限偏差;规范(验收);带钢;覆层工艺;涂覆的;形状公差;钢产品;薄板材;储存;带材;金属;薄钢板;有机覆层;材料;扁平轧材;半成品;试验
【英文主题词】:Coated;Coatingprocesses;Coatings;Coldrolled;Continuous;Definition;Definitions;Dimensions;Flatrolledproducts;Formtolerances;Limitdeviations;Materials;Metals;Organiccoatings;Semi-finishedproducts;Sheetmaterials;Sheetsteels;Specification(approval);Steelproducts;Steelstrips;Steels;Storage;Strips;Testing
【摘要】:1ThisEuropeanStandardprovidesinformationontheselectionandorderingofcontinuouslyorganiccoated(coilcoated)steelflatproductsandspecifiesappropriatetechnicalrequirementsfortheproducts,e.g.fortestmethodsandtolerancesoncoatingthickness,appearance,andproductdimensionsandshape.ThisEuropeanStandardappliestorolledsteelflatproducts,withorwithoutmetalliccoatings,thatarecontinuouslyorganiccoatedbythecoilcoatingprocess.ThisEuropeanStandardappliestostripofallwidthsandtosheetscutfromit(≥600mmwidth)andcutlengths(<600mmwidth).2TheproductscoveredbythisEuropeanStandardmaybeusedtoadvantageincaseswherecorrosionresistanceanddecorativeappearanceareofprimaryimportance.Theyhaveapplicationsthroughouttheflatproductsprocessingindustry,e.g.inthebuildingconstruction,automotive,appliances,furnitureandtechnicalpackagingindustries.Coilcoatedsteelflatproductsmaybedeliveredinnumeroustypeandgrades,dependingonthebasematerialused(variousgradesofsteelwithorwithoutmetalliccoating),onthecoatingmaterialandcoatingtypeandontherequirementsforthesurfaceappearance,theformabilityandgeneralperformance.Thepropertiesoftheproductsmayvarywithingreaterorsmallerlimitsdependingonthechoiceandcombinationofthecharacteristicsmentionedandthetimeofstorage.3ForspecificapplicationsofcoilcoatedsteelflatproductsENV10169-2andEN10169-3apply.4ThisEuropeanStandardisnotapplicabletocontinuouslyorganiccoated—tinmillflatproducts,—electricalsteels,—steelstrapping.
【中国标准分类号】:H46
【国际标准分类号】:25_220_60;77_140_50
【页数】:24P.;A4
【正文语种】:英语